Why should a vaginal examination be avoided in cases of suspected placenta previa?

In cases of suspected placenta previa, performing a vaginal examination can lead to serious complications, particularly by triggering hemorrhage. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta partially or completely covers the cervical opening, and any manipulation, such as a vaginal examination, risks disrupting the placenta. This disruption can lead to bleeding from the placenta, which can endanger both the mother and the fetus.

Understanding that the placenta is highly vascular, any pressure or trauma to this area can result in significant blood loss. This risk is heightened, especially if the placenta is located low in the uterus or is covering the cervical os. Therefore, avoiding vaginal examinations is a critical precaution to minimize the risk of hemorrhage in these patients.

In contrast to this critical point, while other choices may have relevance in different contexts, they do not capture the primary concern in the situation of suspected placenta previa. For instance, while fetal distress can occur in various scenarios, the immediate threat posed by vaginal examination in this condition revolves around the risk of bleeding. Hence, the central reason for avoiding this procedure is primarily linked to the potential for inducing hemorrhage.