Which peptide is released from cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension?

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is released from the cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension, which commonly occurs in states of heart failure or volume overload. When the ventricles are stretched due to increased pressure or volume, the myocytes (muscle cells) in the ventricular walls secrete BNP as a compensatory mechanism.

The primary action of BNP is to promote natriuresis (excretion of sodium in urine), diuresis (increased urine production), and vasodilation. This helps to reduce the preload and afterload on the heart, ultimately alleviating some of the burden associated with heart failure. BNP serves as a valuable biomarker in clinical practice, often used to diagnose and assess the severity of heart failure.

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is also a natriuretic peptide but is primarily released from the atria of the heart in response to increased atrial volume or pressure rather than from the ventricles. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is involved in vascular biology and is primarily associated with endothelial cells and not directly tied to the ventricular response to wall tension. Therefore, BNP specifically reflects the ventricular response to increased wall tension, making it