What kind of lifestyle changes are recommended for patients post-ACS?

Patients post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are recommended to adopt regular exercise and a balanced diet as part of their lifestyle changes. This approach is essential because evidence indicates that a heart-healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.

Regular exercise helps improve cardiovascular fitness, lowers blood pressure, reduces cholesterol levels, aids in weight management, and enhances overall emotional well-being, contributing to better heart health. A balanced diet, typically rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while low in saturated fats, trans fats, and added sugars, is crucial for managing weight and promoting heart health. This dietary focus can help control risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia.

In contrast, increasing alcohol consumption is not advisable post-ACS, as excessive alcohol intake can contribute to hypertension and cardiac dysfunction, counteracting the benefits of lifestyle changes. Similarly, smoking cessation is vital but is only one part of a comprehensive lifestyle change and should be combined with other recommendations like exercise and diet. Lastly, a high-fat diet is contraindicated as it can lead to atherosclerosis and worsen heart health, thus being incompatible with the lifestyle changes advised for patients recovering from ACS.