What is the primary treatment for exudative (wet) macular degeneration with neovascularization?

The primary treatment for exudative (wet) macular degeneration with neovascularization is intraocular injections. This treatment involves the administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents, such as ranibizumab or aflibercept, which help to inhibit the growth of new blood vessels in the retina and reduce fluid leakage. By doing so, these injections aim to stabilize or even improve vision in patients suffering from this form of macular degeneration.

While laser photocoagulation is a treatment option, it mainly applies to specific cases and is less commonly used for wet macular degeneration today. It can help seal leaking blood vessels but does not target the underlying problem of new vessel growth as effectively as the newer injection therapies.

Oral medications are not a standard treatment for wet macular degeneration, as they do not directly address the neovascularization occurring in the retina.

Observation, while sometimes appropriate in other contexts, is not a viable option for wet macular degeneration with neovascularization due to the progressive nature of the condition, which can rapidly lead to vision loss if left untreated. Prompt intervention is crucial to preserve vision, making intraocular injections the first-line treatment for this condition.