What is a common treatment for cardiac tamponade?

In cases of cardiac tamponade, the primary treatment is pericardiocentesis. This procedure involves using a needle to remove excess fluid from the pericardial sac, which surrounds the heart. Cardiac tamponade occurs when fluid accumulates in this space, leading to increased pressure that can impede the heart's ability to pump effectively. By performing pericardiocentesis, healthcare providers can relieve this pressure, improve cardiac function, and stabilize the patient.

The procedure is usually done with ultrasound guidance to ensure accurate placement of the needle and to minimize risk to the patient. Following the procedure, further management may involve treating the underlying cause of the fluid accumulation, such as infection or malignancy.

The other options do not address the underlying issue of fluid accumulation. Diuretics might be useful in managing fluid balance in certain cases but do not specifically target the fluid in the pericardial sac. Anticoagulation would not be a suitable treatment in this context, as it carries the risk of further complicating the situation if bleeding were to occur in the pericardial sac. Administration of nitroglycerin may help relieve chest pain associated with ischemia but does not resolve the tamponade itself.